Rangkaian RTC Berbasis AT89C4051

Rangkaian RTC Berbasis AT89C4051

This is a circuit diagram for the digital clock. Port 1 of the controller (AT89C4051) is Used as the data lines for the 20 x 4 lines LCD display.

The source code for the project is written in C-language, and compiled using Keil C compiler, Can you download the c-code, schematic, and if you do not have a cross compiler then you burn the cans directly on to the HEX file your chips here

Skema Rangkaian RTC Berbasis AT89C4051

RTC with Costume fonts Demo

If you think that 'there is a problem in the of availability of the chips mentioned in the schematic, then you cans use AT89C51/AT89C52 Also, make sure That you are using the Same port for the LCD and switches Which are there in the C- files or in the schematic.

in the image above as you cans see the digits are Bigger than the normal size. For this purpose I'm maiking use of the CGRAM of the LCD, Which gives to the user the flexibility to define user defined characters. so to create a character We first need to get the Which values are to be written into the CGRAM area. The CGRAM area starts from address 0x40 and for Every character Which there are eight locations are to be written.

Figure below shows the custom character creation. so Pls We get the values for all the pixels. These values We write to the CGRAM. The Digits 0-9 Can be created with the help of eight custom characters and Standard and Poor.

user defined character

NOTE: You Can only create upto 8 custom characters.

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Rangkaian Battery Tester ( Penguji Battery)

This circuit can be used to test the battery without the need of power supply or expensive moving-coil voltmeters. It has two Ranges: Pls SW1 is set as shown in the circuit diagram, test the circuit cans 3V to 15V batteries. When SW1 is switched to the other position, only 1.5V cells Can be tested.

Skema Rangkaian Battery Tester ( Penguji Battery)

List Component:

R1______________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R2______________3R3 1/4W Resistor
R3_____________10R 1/4W Resistor
R4______________4K7 1/4W Resistor
R5_____________33K 1/4W Resistor
R6,R7_________100K 1/4W Resistors
R8____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R9____________330K 1/4W Resistor
R10___________500K Trimmer Cermet
C1,C2__________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C3-C7_________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C8____________220µF 35V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1,D7___________LEDs Red 5mm. (see Notes)
D2-D6________1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes
Q1___________2N3819 General purpose FET
Q2,Q3_________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistors
IC1,IC2________7555 or TS555CN CMos Timer ICs
P1_____________SPST Pushbutton
SW1____________DPDT Switch
BUT____________Battery under test

Testing 3V to 15V batteries:

• Switch SW1 as shown in the circuit diagram.
• Place the battery under test in a suitable holder or clip it to the circuit.
• Wait some seconds in order to let C8 reach its full charge.
• LED D1 illuminates at a constant intensity, independent of battery voltage.
• If D1 illuminates very weakly or is fully off the battery is unusable.
• If D1 has a good illumination, press P1 and keep an eye to LED D7. If D7 remains fully off, the battery is in a very good state.
• If D7 illuminates brightly for a few seconds, the battery is weak. This condition is confirmed by a noticeable weakening of D1 brightness.
• If D7 illuminates weakly for a few seconds but D1 maintain the same light intensity, the battery is still good but is not new.

Testing 1.5V batteries:

• Switch SW1 in the position opposite to that shown in the circuit diagram.
• Place the battery under test in a suitable holder or clip it to the circuit.
• Wait some seconds in order to let C8 reach its full charge.
• LED D1 illuminates very weakly only in presence of a new battery, otherwise is off.
• Press P1 and keep an eye to LED D7. If D7 remains fully off the battery can be in very good state.
• If D7 illuminates brightly for a few seconds, the battery is weak.
• If D7 illuminates weakly for a few seconds, the battery is still good but is not new.
• If you are suspecting a 1.5V cell to be completely discharged, a better test can be made wiring two 1.5V batteries in series, then running the 3V test.

The TS555 is a single CMOS timer which offers very low consumption and high frequency (f(max.) TS555 = 2.7MHz - f(max.) NE555 = 0.1 MHz) Thus, either in Monostable or Astable mode, timing remains very accurate.

IC TS555 Pinning

The TS555 provides reduced supply current spikes during output transitions, which enables the use of lower decoupling capacitors compared to those required by bipolar NE555. Timing capacitors can also be minimized due to high input impedance (1012 W).

Maximum rating ic
Supply Voltage: +18 V
Junction Temperature: +150 oC

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Sistem Minimum Mikrokontroler ATmega8535

Minimum System ATmega8535 microcontroller, is the minimum necessary circuits for the operation of the microcontroller IC, then this minimum circuit can be connected with other circuits to perform certain functions. In the AVR microcontroller family, Atmega8535 series is one series that is very widely used.

Skema Rangkaian Sistem Minimum
Mikrokontroler ATmega8535

To make this ATmega8535 microcontroller minimum system required several components, namely:

• ATmega8535 microcontroller IC
• 1 XTAL 4 MHz or 8 MHz (XTAL1)
• 3 paper capacitors, two 22 pF (C2 and C3) and 100 nF (C4)
• a 4.7 UF electrolytic capacitors (C12) 2 is 100 ohm resistor (R1) and 10 Kohm (R3)
• 1 reset button pushbutton (PB1
• DC 5V voltage regulator

Briefly, ATMega8535 has several capabilities:

• Microcontroller based 8-bit RISC with a maximum speed of 16 MHz.
• Has 8 KB of flash memory, SRAM and 512 bytes of EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) of 512 bytes.
• Having the ADC (analog converter-to-digital) 10 bit internal precision of 8 channel.
• Has a PWM (Pulse Wide Modulation) as much as four internal channels.
• Serial communication port (USART), with maximum speed of 2.5 Mbps.
• Six options sleep mode, to save the use of electric power.

ATmega8535 Pinning

ATMega8535 microcontroller has 40 pins for the model PDIP. The names of the pins on the microcontroller are

• VCC for the positive power supply voltage.
• GND to the negative power supply voltage.
• Porta (PA0 - PA7) as a port Input / Output and has other capabilities as an input to the ADC is
• PortB (PB0 - PB7) as a port input / output and also has other capabilities.
• PortC (PC0 - PC7) as a port Input / Output to ATMega8535.
• PortD (PD0 - PD7) as a port input / output and also has other capabilities.
• RESET for resetting the program in the microcontroller.
• XTAL1 and XTAL2 to input clock signal generator.
• AVCC for the power supply voltage input pin for the ADC.
• Aref for ADC reference voltage pin.

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Rangkaian Alarm Kebakaran

Alarm Kebakaran

This is a simple fire alarm circuit, which can help the user's color interested against fire accidents based on a LDR and lamp pairs an alarm for sensing the fire.The works by sensing the smoke Produced During fire.The circuit produces an audible alarm the fire breaks Pls out with smoke.

Skema Rangkaian Alarm Kebakaran

When a number of smoke passes Between a bulb and an LDR, the amount of light falling on the LDR decreases. This Causes the resistance of the LDR to Increase and the voltage at the base of the transistor is pulled high due to Which the supply to the COB (chip-on-board) is completed. Different cobs are available in the market to generate Different Musical. The choice of the COB depends on the user. The signal generated by COB is amplified by an audio amplifier. In this circuit, the audio power amplifier is wired around TDA2002. The sensitivity of the circuit depends on the distance Between bulb and LDR as well as the setting of preset VR1. Thus by placing the bulb and the LDR at appropriate distances, one May Vary preset VR1 to get optimum sensitivity. An ON / OFF switch is suggested to turn the circuit on and off as Desirable.

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Rangkaian Alarm|Sensor Cahaya

Alarm|Sensor Cahaya

This circuit is a loud alarm at the break of the daylight. The 555 timer IC is Used here. It is working as an astable multivibrator at a frequency of about 1kHz. This circuit can be used as an anti-burglar alarm in certain rooms, such as cupboard, cupboard in the open when the light will hit the circuit, so the alarm will be activated

Rangkaian Alarm|Sensor Cahaya

When no light falls on the LDR, the transistor is pulled high by the variable resistor. Hence the transistor is OFF and the reset pin of the 555 is pulled low. Due the this the 555 is reset. When light falls on the LDR, its resistance decreases and pulls the bases of the transistor low hence turning it ON. This pulls the reset pin 4 of the 555 high and hence enables the 555 oscillator and a sound is Produced by the speakers. The 100K variable resistor has to be adjusted to set the light intensity That triggers the alarm.

IC 555 Pinning

function of each pin:

1. Ground, is the input pin of the negative DC voltage source
2. Trigger, the lower the negative input comparator (comparator B) that maintain low voltage oscillation capacitor in third Fcc and set RS flip-flop
3. Output, the output pin of the IC 555.
4. Reset, the pin which serves to reset the latch inside the IC which will affect the work to reset IC. This pin is connected to a PNP-type transistor gate, so the transistor will be active if given a logic low. Normally this pin is connected directly to avoid reset Fcc
5. Control Voltage, this pin serves to regulate the stability of the negative reference voltage input (comparator A). This pin can be left hanging, but to ensure the stability of the reference comparator A, usually associated with the order of about 10nF capacitor to pin groun
6. Threshold, this pin is connected to the positive input (comparator A) which will reset the RS flip-flop when the voltage on the capacitor started to exceed 2 / 3 Vc
7. Discharge, this pin is connected to an open collector transistor Q1 is connected to ground emitternya. Switching transistor serves to clamp the corresponding node to ground at a certain timing
8. VCC, this pin to receive a DC voltage supply. Usually will work optimally if given a 5-15V. the current supply can be viewed in a datasheet, which is around 10-15mA.

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Monitor|Sensor Arus AC Menggunakan LED

Monitor|Sensor Arus AC

This circuit functions to remotely monitor Pls help a couple of electric heaters have been left on. Its sensors must be placed in contact with the feeders to be Able to monitor Pls the power cable is drawing current, Thus causing the circuit to a switch-on LED. The circuit and its coil sensor Can be placed very far from the actual load, provided an easy access to the power cable is available.

Any type of high-current load or group of loads Can be monitored, eg: heaters, motors, washing machines, dish-washers, electric ovens. Etc., provided they want dissipate a power comprised in the 0.5 at least - 1KW range. This design features three versions. The basic one illuminates a LED Pls the load is on. The second version Pls drives a relay a pre-set current value flows into the power cable. The third version Pls D7 switches-on the load power is about 1KW, D6 Pls the load power is about 2KW and D5 Pls the load power is about 3KW

Skema Rangkaian Monitor|Sensor Arus AC

Notes:

• The pick-up coil L1 is a common 10mH miniature inductor. This inductor must be placed tightly against one wire of the power cable, leaving the other wire some centimeters apart.
• The sensitivity will be doubled if the inductor is placed tightly between the two wires as shown in the diagram, top left. On the contrary, do not place the inductor against paired wires as the signal tends to cancel and the circuit will not work.
• The LED limiting resistor R5 should have a value comprised in the 100R - 1K range, depending on the output voltage obtained.
• LED D1 and its limiting resistor R5 can be omitted in versions two and three of the circuit.

List Component

R1,R2,R8____________1K 1/4W Resistors
R3,R4_____________220K 1/4W Resistors
R5________________100R 1/4W Resistor
R6_________________10K 1/2W Trimmer
R7,R10______________1M 1/4W Resistors
R9_________________22K 1/2W Resistor
R11 to R17__________1K 1/4W Resistors
C1,C3_____________100Î…F 25V Electrolytic Capacitors
C2,C4_______________1Î…F 63V Electrolytic Capacitors
D1________________5mm. Red LED
D3,D4___________1N4002 100V 1A Diodes
D2,D5,D6,D7_______LEDs (Any color and size)
Q1_______________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistor
IC1______________TL061 Low current BIFET Op-Amp
IC1______________LM358 Low Power Dual Op-amp
IC1______________LM324 Low Power Quad Op-amp
L1________________10mH miniature Inductor
RL1______________Relay with SPDT 2A @ 220V switch
Coil Voltage 12V. Coil resistance 200-300 Ohm
J1_______________Two ways output socket



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